Validation and evaluation of the snail questionnaire for measuring the AI-literacy of healthcare professionals
https://doi.org/10.25881/18110193_2026_2_50
Abstract
The aim of the study was to validate the Russian-language version of the SNAIL (Scale for the Assessment of Nonexperts’ AI literacy) questionnaire and evaluate its suitability for measuring AI literacy of healthcare professionals.
Materials and methods: online survey; two samples – healthcare professionals (n = 657 after filtering) and students in information-technology/mathematics programs (n=180). Psychometric analysis included Cronbach’s alpha for the subscales, within-group comparisons (paired-samples t-tests with Bonferroni correction), and between-group comparisons (Mann–Whitney U test).
Results: internal consistency was good to very good. Students significantly outperformed healthcare professionals on all subscales and on the total score. Within groups, healthcare professionals had more critical evaluation, more practical application, and more technical understanding; among students, technical understanding was lower than the other two subscales, whereas critical appraisal and practical application did not differ.
Conclusion: The Russian version of SNAIL questionnaire demonstrates reliability and discriminant validity and can be used to monitor healthcare workers’ AI literacy and plan educational interventions; a limitation is the self-report nature of the scale.
About the Authors
S. S. Strelnikov
Tyumen State Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
STRELNIKOV S.S., PhD.
Tyumen
O. M. Ushakova
Tyumen State Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
USHAKOVA O.M., PhD.
Tyumen
N. S. Brynza
Tyumen State Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
BRYNZA N.S., DSc, Professor
Tyumen
O. P. Gorbunova
Tyumen State Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
GORBUNOVA O.P., PhD.
Tyumen
T. I. Payusova
Tyumen State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PAYUSOVA T.I.
Tyumen
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Review
For citations:
Strelnikov S.S., Ushakova O.M., Brynza N.S., Gorbunova O.P., Payusova T.I. Validation and evaluation of the snail questionnaire for measuring the AI-literacy of healthcare professionals. Medical Doctor and Information Technologies. 2026;(2):50-57. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25881/18110193_2026_2_50
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