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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vitj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Врач и информационные технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Doctor and Information Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1811-0193</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5208</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/18110193_2024_4_28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vitj-71</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ методов синтеза данных в задачах прогнозирования фибрилляции предсердий и внутригоспитальной летальности у больных ишемической болезнью сердца после коронарного шунтирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of data synthesis methods in the task of predicting atrial fibrillation and in-hospital mortality in patients with coronary heart disease after coronary artery bypass grafting</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахгельдян</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhgeldyan</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc., Prof</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">carinashakh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костерин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosterin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kosterin_vv@protonmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рублев</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rublev</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">groxmer@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гельцер</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Geltser</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc., Prof, corresponding member RAS</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boris.geltser@vvsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Владивостокский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vladivostok State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Владивостокский государственный университет; Дальневосточный федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vladivostok State University; Far Eastern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дальневосточный федеральный университет; Владивостокский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Federal University; Vladivostok State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шахгельдян К.И., Костерин В.В., Рублев В.Ю., Гельцер Б.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шахгельдян К.И., Костерин В.В., Рублев В.Ю., Гельцер Б.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shakhgeldyan K.I., Kosterin V.V., Rublev V.Y., Geltser B.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/71">https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/71</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования состояла в оценке эффективности методов синтеза данных SMOTE, GAN и VAE в задачах прогнозирования послеоперационной фибрилляции предсердий (ПоФП) и внутригоспитальной летальности (ВГЛ) у больных ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) после коронарного шунтирования (КШ).Материалы и методы. Проведено одноцентровое ретроспективное исследование, в рамках которого анализировали данные историй болезней 999 больных ИБС, которым выполнялось плановое КШ. Конечные точки исследования были представлены ПоФП и ВГЛ. Разработка прогностических моделей выполнялась с использованием методов машинного обучения: многофакторной логистической регрессии (МЛР), случайного леса (СЛ) и стохастического градиентного бустинга (СГБ). Для генерации новых образцов миноритарного класса использовали 9 методов синтеза данных: 5 методов группы SMOTE, методы SOMO, GAN, WGAN и VAE.Результаты. Сопоставление критериев качества прогностических моделей ПоФП и ВГЛ, разработанных на основе реальных и синтетических данных, показало, что для моделей МЛР и СЛ использование синтетических объектов не ассоциируется с повышением точности прогноза. При использовании метода СГБ для решения задачи прогнозирования ВГЛ, в которой объем мажоритарного класса является доминирующим (15 к 1), повышение качества прогноза было связано только с методом ProWRAS. В тех случаях, когда дисбаланс классов не относится к значительным (4 к 1), что соответствует конечной точке ПоФП, использование методов синтеза данных не повышает качество прогноза.Заключение. Использование методов SMOTE, GAN и VAE не гарантирует повышение точности прогностических моделей ПоФП и ВГЛ у больных ИБС после КШ</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of SMOTE, GAN and VAE data synthesis methods in the task of predicting postoperative atrial fibrillation (PoAF) and in-hospital mortality (IHM) in coronary heart disease (CH) patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Materials and methods. A single-center retrospective study was conducted, in which the medical history data of 999 patients with CHD undergoing elective CABG were analyzed. The end points of the study were PoAF and IHM. Development of predictive models was performed using machine learning methods: multivariate logistic regression (MLR), random forest (RF) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB). Nine data synthesis methods were used to generate new minority class samples: 5 SMOTE group methods, SOMO, GAN, WGAN and VAE methods.Results. Comparison of quality criteria for the predictive models of PoAF and IHM, developed on the basis of real and synthetic data, showed that for the MLR and RF models, the use of synthetic objects was not associated with an increase in prediction accuracy. When using the XGB method to solve IHM prediction problem, in which the majority class volume was dominant (15 to 1), only the ProWRAS method was associated with an increase in prediction quality. When class imbalance is not significant (4 to 1), which corresponds to the PoAF end point, the use of data synthesis methods does not improve prediction quality.Conclusion. The use of SMOTE, GAN and VAE methods does not guarantee an improvement in the accuracy of predictive models for PoAF and IHM in CHD patients after CABG</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синтетические данные</kwd><kwd>методы синтеза данных</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>несбалансированная выборка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>synthetic data</kwd><kwd>data synthesis methods</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>unbalanced sampling</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках проекта Российского научного фонда (РНФ) № 23-21-00250, https://rscf.ru/ project/23-21-00250/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">May M. Eight ways machine learning is assisting medicine. 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