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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vitj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Врач и информационные технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Doctor and Information Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1811-0193</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5208</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/18110193_2026_3_132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vitj-413</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение свёрточных нейросетей на основе архитектуры колмогорова–арнольда с вейвлет-функцией активации для идентификации когнитивных состояний мозга по данным ЭЭГ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of convolutional neural networks based on the kolmogorov–arnold architecture with a wavelet activation function for identifying cognitive brain states using EEG data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3003-0637</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедков</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedkov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dedkov.ae@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0359-0897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андриков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrikov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrikov-da@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUDN University «Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дедков А.Е., Андриков Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дедков А.Е., Андриков Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dedkov A.E., Andrikov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/413">https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/413</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализ когнитивных состояний с помощью электроэнцефалографии (ЭЭГ) является ключевой задачей для нейроинтерфейсов. Несмотря на успехи методов глубокого обучения, классические свёрточные нейронные сети (CNN) имеют существенные ограничения при работе с нестационарными сигналами ЭЭГ: они плохо адаптируются к локальным временно-частотным особенностям, а их решения сложно интерпретировать. Перспективным направлением является интеграция архитектуры Колмогорова–Арнольда (KAN), заменяющей линейные веса на обучаемые вейвлет-функции, что позволяет создавать более гибкие и интерпретируемые модели для анализа ЭЭГ.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить влияние замены классических свёрточных слоёв на слои, реализованные на основе архитектуры Колмогорова–Арнольда с различными вейвлет-функциями активации, на качество идентификации когнитивных состояний различных уровней сложности.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Использовались данные открытого набора COG-BCI, включающего записи 29 участников, выполнявших когнитивные задачи N-Back (рабочая память) и MATB-II (многозадачность). Исходная архитектура FFCLNetEEG была модифицирована путём замены CNN-слоёв на свёрточные слои KAN и WavKAN с различными вейвлетами (Gabor, DOG, Mexican Hat, Morlet, Meyer, Shannon). Оценка проводилась по метрикам Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score и Specificity с использованием попарных тестов Уилкоксона с поправкой Бонферрони (p &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В задаче N-Back наилучшие результаты показала модель FFCLNetEEG-WavKAN-DOG со средней точностью 0,790±0,059, значимо превосходя модели FFCLNetEEG-KAN, FFCLNetEEG-WavKAN-Meyer и FFCLNetEEG-WavKANMorlet (p &lt; 0,001 после поправки). В задаче MATB-II лучшей стала модель FFCLNetEEG-WavKAN-Gabor (средняя точность 0,892±0,005). Анализ трёх независимых сессий показал высокую воспроизводимость результатов с коэффициентами корреляции между сессиями до 0,653 для лучших моделей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Интеграция архитектуры Колмогорова–Арнольда со встроенными вейвлетфункциями позволяет достоверно повысить качество классификации когнитивных состояний по данным ЭЭГ. Выбор оптимального вейвлета зависит от типа когнитивной задачи: DOG – для рабочей памяти (N-Back), Gabor – для многозадачности (MATB-II). Полученные данные имеют прикладное значение для разработки нейроадаптивных интерфейсов, систем когнитивного мониторинга и реабилитации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Analyzing cognitive states using electroencephalography (EEG) is a key task for brain-computer interfaces. Despite the success of deep learning methods, classical convolutional neural networks (CNNs) face significant limitations when processing non-stationary EEG signals: they struggle to adapt to local time-frequency features, and their decisions are difficult to interpret. Integrating the Kolmogorov–Arnold Network (KAN) architecture with wavelet transformations opens up new possibilities for improving the accuracy and interpretability of EEG analysis models by replacing linear weights with learnable nonlinear functions.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the impact of replacing conventional convolutional layers with layers based on the Kolmogorov–Arnold architecture utilizing various wavelet activation functions on the quality of identifying cognitive states of varying complexity.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Data from the open-access COG-BCI dataset were used, comprising recordings from 29 participants performing cognitive tasks N-Back (working memory) and MATB-II (multitasking). The original FFCLNetEEG architecture was modified by replacing CNN layers with KAN and WavKAN convolutional layers using various wavelets (Gabor, DOG, Mexican Hat, Morlet, Meyer, Shannon). Evaluation was performed using Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score, and Specificity metrics with pairwise Wilcoxon tests with Bonferroni correction (p &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the N-Back task, the FFCLNetEEG-WavKAN-DOG model showed the best performance achieving a mean accuracy of 0.790±0.059; this significantly outperformed FFCLNetEEG-KAN, FFCLNetEEG-WavKAN-Meyer and FFCLNetEEG-WavKAN-Morlet (p &lt; 0,001 after correction). In the MATB-II task, the best performance was achieved by the FFCLNetEEGWavKAN-Gabor model performed best (mean accuracy 0.892±0.005). Analysis of three independent sessions showed high reproducibility of the results with correlation coefficients between sessions up to 0.653 for the best-performing models.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Integrating the Kolmogorov–Arnold architecture with embedded wavelet functions enables a reliable improvement in the classification quality of cognitive states based on EEG data. The choice of the optimal wavelet depends on the type of cognitive task: DOG for working memory (N-Back) and Gabor for multitasking (MATB-II). The findings have practical implications for the development of neuroadaptive interfaces and systems for cognitive monitoring and rehabilitation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электроэнцефалограмма (ЭЭГ)</kwd><kwd>когнитивная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>вейвлет-преобразование</kwd><kwd>архитектура Колмогорова–Арнольда (KAN)</kwd><kwd>WavKAN</kwd><kwd>свёрточные нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>нейроинтерфейс</kwd><kwd>когнитивный мониторинг</kwd><kwd>Gabor wavelet</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electroencephalogram (EEG)</kwd><kwd>cognitive workload</kwd><kwd>wavelet transform</kwd><kwd>Kolmogorov–Arnold Network (KAN)</kwd><kwd>WavKAN</kwd><kwd>convolutional neural networks</kwd><kwd>neurointerface</kwd><kwd>cognitive monitoring</kwd><kwd>Gabor wavelet</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андриков Д.А., Андриков Дм.А., Березкин Д.В., Попов А.Ю., Пролетарский А.В. 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