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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vitj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Врач и информационные технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Doctor and Information Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1811-0193</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5208</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/18110193_2026_3_50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vitj-407</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка локализации больших языковых моделей для задач клинической психологии: прогнозирование показателей тревоги и депрессии на выборке российских студентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluating Large Language Model Localization for Clinical Psychology: Predicting Anxiety and Depression Scores in a Russian Student Sample</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2658-4545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bukinatatyanav@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7593-4345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikita.smirnov.m@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4632-6896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максименко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н.</p><p>г. Москва</p><p>г. Сингапур</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc</p><p>Moscow; Singapore</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maximenkovl@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>К. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>K. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">flype586@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5504-0307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скалин</surname><given-names>Ю. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skalin</surname><given-names>Y. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., профессор</p><p>г. Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ISkalin@kantiana.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-4580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храмова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khramova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.пед.н.</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mhramova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3438-5717</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куркин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurkin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. ф.-м.н.</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurkinsa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2787-2530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храмов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hramov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корреспондент РАН, профессор, д.ф.-м.н.</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, DSc</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hramov.ae@rea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ прикладного искусственного интеллекта и цифровых решений, РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence and Digital Solutions, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ прикладного искусственного интеллекта и цифровых решений, РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова; Национальный университет Сингапура</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence and Digital Solutions, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; National University of Singapore</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>БФУ им. И. Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Высшая школа кибертехнологий, математики и статистики, РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Higher School of Cyber Technologies, Mathematics and Statistics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ прикладного искусственного интеллекта и цифровых&#13;
решений, РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова; ФГБУ «НМХЦ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence and Digital Solutions, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Букина Т.В., Смирнов Н.М., Максименко В.А., Карпов К.О., Скалин Ю.Е., Храмова М.В., Куркин С.А., Храмов А.Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Букина Т.В., Смирнов Н.М., Максименко В.А., Карпов К.О., Скалин Ю.Е., Храмова М.В., Куркин С.А., Храмов А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bukina T.V., Smirnov N.M., Maksimenko V.A., Karpov K.O., Skalin Y.E., Khramova M.V., Kurkin S.A., Hramov A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/407">https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/407</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить пригодность больших языковых моделей (Large Language Models, LLM; далее – БЯМ), работающих в закрытом контуре, для прогнозирования показателей тревоги и депрессии по Госпитальной шкале тревоги и депрессии (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS) на выборке российских студентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эмпирическую базу составили деперсонализированные ответы 946 студентов-первокурсников (669 женщин, 277 мужчин) российского вуза на 14 вопросов HADS. Для 11 моделей (DeepSeek-R1-32B, Qwen3-32B, T-pro-2.0/2.1, YandexGPT-8B, GigaChat-20B и др.), развернутых локально на GPU, распределения вероятностей ответов извлекались из логарифмических вероятностей токенов. Экспериментальный дизайн включал 5 групп промптов (текстовых инструкций модели), 2 формата подачи (структурированный диалог и неструктурированный текст) и 4 варианта формулировок. Модельные и эмпирические распределения сравнивались по расстоянию Вассерштейна (W); дополнительно рассчитывались ожидаемые баллы субшкал HADS.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Лучшую точность воспроизведения распределений показала DeepSeek-R1-32B (W = 0,293), однако она систематически занижала ожидаемый балл тревожности (5,6 против 7,7 у людей). Наиболее точные ожидаемые баллы тревожности продемонстрировали YandexGPT-pretrain (7,2) и T-pro-2.0 (7,1). Выбор модели объяснял 47% дисперсии метрики; детализация описания персоны и пол не влияли на результат (p &gt; 0,05). Субшкала депрессии воспроизводилась хуже субшкалы тревожности.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Оценки устойчивы к вариациям промпта: детализация описания персоны и формулировка не влияют на результат – достаточно минимального описания респондента. Модели с англоязычным обучением предпочитают англоязычные промпты; для русскоязычных моделей языковые предпочтения определяются базовой архитектурой. Гипотеза о систематическом преимуществе русскоязычных моделей не подтвердилась: качество определяется доменной адаптацией, а не языковой принадлежностью. Для практического применения необходима валидация на эксперименте с людьми. Модели не заменяют клиническую оценку специалиста.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the suitability of large language models (LLMs), deployed in a closed-loop environment, for predicting anxiety and depression scores on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in a sample of Russian students.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The empirical dataset consisted of de-identified responses from 946 first-year university students (669 female, 277 male) in Russia to 14 HADS items. For 11 models (DeepSeek-R1-32B, Qwen3-32B, T-pro-2.0/2.1, YandexGPT- 8B, GigaChat-20B, and others) deployed locally on GPUs, response probability distributions were extracted from token log probabilities. The experimental design included 5 prompt groups (textual instructions for the model), 2 presentation formats (structured dialogue and unstructured text), and 4 wording variations. Model-generated and empirical distributions were compared using Wasserstein distance (W); expected HADS subscale scores were additionally calculated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. T DeepSeek-R1-32B demonstrated the best accuracy in reproducing distributions (W = 0.293); however, it consistently underestimated expected anxiety scores (5.6 vs. 7.7). The most accurate expected anxiety scores were produced by YandexGPTpretrain (7.2) and T-pro-2.0 (7.1). Model selection explained 47% of metric variance; persona detail and respondent sex had no significant effect (p &gt; 0.05). The depression subscale was reproduced less accurately than the anxiety subscale.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Scores are robust to prompt variations: the level of detail in the persona description and the specific wording do not affect the outcome—a minimal description of the respondent suffices. Models trained in English favor English-language prompts, whereas for Russian-language models, language preferences are determined by the underlying architecture. The hypothesis regarding a systematic advantage for Russian-language models was not confirmed: quality is determined by domain adaptation rather than language. Practical application requires validation through experiments involving human subjects. The models do not replace clinical assessment by a specialist.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>большие языковые модели</kwd><kwd>HADS</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>локализация</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>large language models</kwd><kwd>HADS</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>localization</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы № FSSW-2026-0008 «Развитие фундаментальных основ построения цифровых двойников инфраструктурных систем в экономике данных» за счет средств субсидии из федерального бюджета в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snaith RP, Zigmond AS. 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