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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vitj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Врач и информационные технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Doctor and Information Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1811-0193</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5208</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/18110193_2025_2_84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vitj-186</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование интерфейсов мозг–компьютер для персонализированной нейрореабилитации: роль субъективного восприятия и нейрофизиологических показателей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using brain–computer interfaces for personalized neurorehabilitation: the role of subjective perception and neurophysiological indicators</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва; Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vantipovm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikita.smirnov.m@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бадарин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Badarin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. ф.-м. н.</p><p>Москва; Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Badarin.a.a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселев</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselev</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kiselev@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. ф. -м. н.</p><p>Москва; Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Moscow; Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andreevandrei1993@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куркин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurkin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. ф.-м. н., доцент</p><p>Москва; Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc, Associated Professor</p><p>Moscow; Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurkinsa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храмов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hramov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. ф.-м. н., профессор</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc, Professor</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hramovae@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, д. м. н., профессор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Academician of the RAS, DSc, Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drapkina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ТПМ» Минздрава России; БФУ им. И. Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBI "NMIC TPM" of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>БФУ им. И. Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ТПМ» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBI "NMIC TPM" of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ТПМ» Минздрава России; БФУ им. И. Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBI "NMIC TPM" of the Ministry of Health of Russia;  Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ТПМ» Минздрава России; БФУ им. И. Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBI "NMIC TPM" of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антипов В.М., Смирнов Н.М., Бадарин А.А., Киселев А.Р., Андреев А.В., Куркин С.А., Храмов А.Е., Драпкина О.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антипов В.М., Смирнов Н.М., Бадарин А.А., Киселев А.Р., Андреев А.В., Куркин С.А., Храмов А.Е., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antipov V.M., Smirnov N.M., Badarin A.A., Kiselev A.R., Andreev A.V., Kurkin S.A., Hramov A.E., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/186">https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/186</self-uri><abstract><p>   Работа посвящена оценке соответствия нейрофизиологических и субъективных признаков моторного воображения в контексте нейрореабилитации с использованием интерфейсов мозг–компьютер (ИМК) и выполнена в рамках разработки программно-аппаратного комплекса (ПАК) для восстановления когнитивных и моторных функций верхних конечностей при лёгких и выраженных нарушениях.</p><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы: В исследовании приняли участие 24 здоровых добровольца. Электроэнцефалограмма регистрировалась при выполнении заданий на моторное воображение с различными визуальными стимулами. Анализ включал расчёт сенсомоторной десинхронизации (ERD), классификацию с использованием пространственных фильтров и линейного дискриминантного анализа, а также оценку корреляции с субъективными самооценками.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты: Латеральность воображаемого движения оказала значимое влияние на выраженность ERD. Субъективная уверенность участников не коррелировала ни с нейрофизиологическими показателями, ни с уверенностью классификатора при распознавании воображаемого движения. При этом модели продемонстрировали высокую точность классификации моторных представлений.</p></sec><sec><title>   Выводы</title><p>   Выводы: Выявленное несоответствие между субъективной и объективной оценкой подчеркивает необходимость внедрения биологической обратной связи и персонализированных ИМК в составе ПАК для повышения эффективности нейрореабилитации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The study was set to assess the correspondence between neurophysiological and subjective indicators of motor imagination in the context of neurorehabilitation using brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). It was conducted as part of the development of a software and hardware complex (SHC) aimed at restoring cognitive and motor functions of the upper limbs in individuals with mild to severe impairments.</p><sec><title>   Materials and Methods</title><p>   Materials and Methods: Twenty-four healthy volunteers participated in the study. Electroencephalographic activity was recorded during motor imagery tasks involving different types of visual stimuli. The analysis included the calculation of sensorimotor desynchronization (ERD), classification using spatial filters and linear discriminant analysis, and correlation with subjective self-assessments.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results: The lateralization of imagined motion had a significant effect on ERD expression. Participants’ subjective confidence did not correlate with either neurophysiological measures or the classifier’s confidence in recognizing the imagined motion. However, the models demonstrated high accuracy in classifying motor representations.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusions</title><p>   Conclusions: The identified discrepancy between subjective and objective assessment highlights the need to implement biofeedback and personalized BCIs into SHC systems to enhance the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>моторные нарушения</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>биологическая обратная связь</kwd><kwd>воображаемые движения</kwd><kwd>субъективная оценка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>motor disorders</kwd><kwd>cognitive disorders</kwd><kwd>biofeedback</kwd><kwd>motor imagery</kwd><kwd>subjective assessment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минздрава России в рамках научного проекта «Разработка программно-аппаратного комплекса для реабилитации пациентов с когнитивными и моторными нарушениями различной природы на основе мультимодальной биологической обратной связи» № 123020600127-4 (2023–2025 гг.)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the support of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation within the framework of the scientific project "Development of a software and hardware complex for the rehabilitation of patients with cognitive and motor impairments of various nature based on multimodal biofeedback" No. 123020600127-4 (2023-2025)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feigin VL, et al. 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