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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vitj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Врач и информационные технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Doctor and Information Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1811-0193</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5208</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/18110193_2022_3_44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vitj-142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дифференциальная диагностика лизосомных болезней накопления с использованием онтологической базы знаний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differential diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases using the ontological knowledge base</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Благосклонов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blagosklonov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nblagosklonov@frccsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ ИУ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FRC CSC RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Благосклонов Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Благосклонов Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Blagosklonov N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/142">https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/142</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема ранней и своевременной постановки точного диагноза при редких болезнях наследственной природы является общемировой. Использование ассистирующих врачу компьютерных систем может позволить решить данную проблему. Существуют различные зарубежные системы поддержки принятия решений в медицине. Однако, отечественные функционирующие системы в данной проблемной области в настоящее время отсутствуют.Цель настоящего исследования — повышение своевременности и точности постановки верного диагноза больным, имеющим признаки наследственных лизосомных болезней накопления с использованием интеллектуальной компьютерной системы поддержки принятий решений.Материалы и методы. Для наполнения базы знаний были проанализированы разнородные источники медицинской информации, содержащие описания фенотипических проявлений группы лизосомных болезней накопления. Извлеченные из литературы знания были дополнены тремя экспертными оценками — коэффициентом модальности, факторами уверенности манифестации и выраженности. Для клинической апробации системы использовались описания 35 клинических случаев из литературы и деперсонифицированные выписки из электронных медицинских карт 75 пациентов из четырёх специализированных медицинских организаций Российской Федерации.Результаты. Разработана экспертная система поддержки принятия решений по дифференциальной диагностике орфанных наследственных заболеваний ГенДиЭС. База знаний системы реализована на облачной платформе IACPaaS в виде онтологической сети. Это позволило описывать заболевания с учётом экспертных оценок по четырём выделенным возрастным периодам и вносить данные пациентов с подозрением на наследственное заболевание. Алгоритм сопоставительного анализа использован для оценки сходства клинической картины пациента с экспертными описаниями. Точность по результатам тестирования составила 88,18% для дифференциально-диагностического ряда из пяти гипотез.Заключение. Реализация базы знаний в виде онтологической модели обеспечила экспертной системе ГенДиЭС высокую эффективность на этапе формирования гипотез на долабораторном этапе диагностики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of early and timely accurate diagnosis of rare hereditary diseases is global. The use of physician-assisted computer systems could solve it. There are various foreign medical decision support systems. However, there are currently no domestic functioning systems to resolve these issues.The aim of this study is to improve the timeliness and accuracy of making a correct diagnosis in patients with signs of hereditary lysosomal storage diseases using an intelligent computer decision support system.Materials and methods. To fill the knowledge base, various sources of medical information containing descriptions of the phenotypic manifestations of a group of lysosomal storage diseases were analyzed. The knowledge extracted from the literature was supplemented by three expert assessments — the coefficient of modality, the confidence measures of manifestation and degree of expression. For clinical approbation of the system, 35 clinical cases from the literature and depersonalized extracts from the electronic health records of 75 patients treated at four specialized medical organizations of the Russian Federation were used.Results. The GenDiES expert decision support system for the differential diagnosis of orphan hereditary diseases has been developed. The knowledge base of the system is implemented on the IACPaaS cloud platform in the form of an ontological network. This made it possible to describe diseases considering expert assessments for four selected age periods and entering data from patients with suspected hereditary diseases. The comparative analysis algorithm was used to assess the similarity of the patient’s clinical features with expert descriptions. The accuracy of the test results was 88.18% for the differential diagnostic series of five hypotheses.Conclusion. Implementation of the knowledge base in the form of an ontological model provided the GenDiES expert system with high efficiency at the stage of forming hypotheses at the pre-laboratory stage of diagnosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экспертная система</kwd><kwd>Система поддержки принятия решений</kwd><kwd>Наследственные заболевания</kwd><kwd>Дифференциальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>Онтологическая модель представления знаний</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>еxpert system</kwd><kwd>Decision support systems</kwd><kwd>Hereditary diseases</kwd><kwd>Differential diagnosis</kwd><kwd>Ontological model of knowledge representation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малых В.Л. 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