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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vitj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Врач и информационные технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Doctor and Information Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1811-0193</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5208</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/18110193_2023_3_16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vitj-103</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка модели машинного обучения для прогнозирования числа впервые выявленных пациентов с ВИЧ инфекцией в субъектах Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of a machine learning model predicting the incidence of newly diagnosed HIV infection in the subjects of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котловский</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotlovskiy</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.u.kotlovskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыбикова</surname><given-names>Э. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsybikova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">erzheny2014@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лорсанов</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lorsanov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Грозный</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grozny</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@minzdravchr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадеев</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadeev</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p><p>г. Грозный</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Grozny</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fadeipavel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадеева</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadeeva</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Грозный</p><p>г. Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grozny</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fadeeva-lana@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agusev@webiomed.ai</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Organization and Informatization of Healthcare of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство здравоохранения Чеченской Республики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Health of the Chechen Republic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский центр общественного здоровья и медицинской профилактики»; Ярославский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention; Yaroslavl State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Котловский М.Ю., Цыбикова Э.Б., Лорсанов С.М., Фадеев П.А., Фадеева С.О., Гусев А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Котловский М.Ю., Цыбикова Э.Б., Лорсанов С.М., Фадеев П.А., Фадеева С.О., Гусев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kotlovskiy M.Y., Tsybikova E.B., Lorsanov S.M., Fadeev P.A., Fadeeva S.O., Gusev A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/103">https://www.vit-j.ru/jour/article/view/103</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: разработать модель прогнозирования числа впервые выявленных пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией в субъектах Российской Федерации с использованием методов машинного обучения.Материалы и методы: исходные данные были получены из формы федерального статистического наблюдения №61 и данных Росстата о среднегодовой численности населения - из 85 субъектов РФ (2016-2022 годы). Проведено сравнение методов машинного обучения и их ансамблей при построении регрессионной модели для прогнозирования числа впервые выявленных пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией в субъектах РФ.Результаты: модель строилась с помощью методов: линейной регрессии, решающего дерева, случайного леса, градиентного бустинга на решающих деревьях и бэггинга. Использовалась интерактивная вычислительная среда «Jupiter Notebook» (6.5.2) и программные библиотеки «Pandas» (1.5.3), «Scikit-learn» (1.0.2), «Statsmodels» (0.13.5) и CatBoost. Оптимальные гиперпараметры подбирались с использованием фреймворка «Optuna». В качестве метрик качества выступили: корень из среднеквадратичной ошибки (RMSE); коэффициент детерминации (R2); средняя абсолютная ошибка (MAE); средняя абсолютная процентная ошибка (MAPE); медианная абсолютная ошибка (MedAE).Выводы: применение методов и алгоритмов машинного обучения дает разные результаты в части метрик точности работы моделей. Наихудшие значения всех метрик качества продемонстрировал метод линейной регрессии (MAPE 67%). Наилучшим являлось сочетание (Бэггинг) двух ансамблевых методов — случайного леса и градиентного бустинга на решающих деревьях, поскольку было достигнуто максимальное значение большего числа метрик качества. В этой связи целесообразно проверять все доступные методы и алгоритмы машинного обучения и затем выбирать из полученных результатов наиболее качественную модель.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim: to develop a model predicting the incidence of newly diagnosed HIV infection in the subjects of the Russian Federation using machine learning methods.Materials and methods: The initial data were obtained from the Federal statistical observation Form No. 61 and Rosstat data on the average annual population of 85 subjects of the Russian Federation (2016-2022). We made a comparison of machine learning methods and their ensembles in the construction of a regression model for predicting the incidence of newly diagnosed patients with HIV infection in the subjects of the Russian Federation.Results: The model was built using the following methods: linear regression, decision Tree, random forest, gradient boosting on decision trees (GBDT) and bagging. The interactive computing environment «Jupiter Notebook» (6.5.2) and software libraries «Pandas» (1.5.3), «Scikit-learn» (1.0.2), «Statsmodels» (0.13.5) and CatBoost were utilized. Optimal hyperparameters were selected using the Optuna framework. The following quality metrics were used: root of mean square error (RMSE); coefficient of determination (R2); average absolute error (MAE); average absolute percentage error (MAPE); median absolute error (MedAE).Conclusions: The use of machine learning methods and algorithms gives different results in terms of metrics of model accuracy. The worst values of all quality metrics were demonstrated by the linear regression method (MAPE 67%). The combination (bagging) of the two ensemble methods — Random Forest and GBDT — was the best, since the highest values were found for a larger number of quality metrics. In this regard, it is reasonable to test all available machine learning methods and algorithms and then select the best-quality model from the results obtained.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>прогнозная аналитика</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>predictive analytics</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и СПИД. Национальное руководство. Под ред. акад. РАН, профессора В.В. 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